The Constitutional Principle: Separation of Church and State
First Amendment
Religion and Expression
This section of our web site contains excerpts from The Constitution of the United
States of America, a publication of the Library of Congress. The main index to the
entire publication can be found at
http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/toc.html
We have republished here only the sections referencing religious issues. This text as
well as the text dealing with other First Amendment issues can be found at
http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/amdt1.html
In order to speed download times, we have broken the excerpts
into several sections. Clicking on the numbers at the left of each title will take you
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To facilitate researchers' work, the original page numbers from the paper document have
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The Constitution
of the
United States of America
Analysis and Interpretation
Annotations of Cases Decided by the
Supreme Court of the United States
PREPARED BY THE
CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/constitution/amdt1.html
FIRST AMENDMENT
RELIGION AND EXPRESSION
| CONTENTS |
| I |
Religion
| 1 |
An Overview |
969 |
| 2 |
Scholarly Commentary |
970 |
| 3 |
Court Tests Applied to Legislation Affecting Religion |
972 |
| 4 |
Government Neutrality in Religious Disputes |
974 |
|
969 |
| II |
Establishment of Religion
| 5 |
Financial Assistance to Church-Related Institutions |
977 |
| 6 |
Governmental Encouragement of Religion in Public Schools:
Released Time |
991 |
|
| 7 |
Governmental Encouragement of Religion in Public Schools:
Prayers and Bible Reading |
993 |
| 8 |
Governmental Encouragement of Religion in Public Schools:
Curriculum Restriction |
996 |
| 9 |
Access of Religious Groups to School Property |
997 |
| 10 |
Tax Exemptions of Religious Property |
997 |
| 11 |
Exemption of Religious Organizations from Generally
Applicable Laws |
999 |
| 12 |
Sunday Closing Laws |
999 |
| 13 |
Conscientious Objection |
1000 |
| 14 |
Regulation of Religious Solicitation |
1001 |
| 15 |
Religion in Governmental Observances |
1002 |
| 16 |
Miscellaneous |
1004 |
|
977 |
| III |
Free Exercise of Religion
| 17 |
The Belief-Conduct Distinction |
1007 |
| 18 |
The Mormon Cases |
1009 |
| 19 |
The Jehovah's Witnesses Cases |
1010 |
| 20 |
Free Exercise Exemption from General Governmental
Requirements |
1011 |
| 21 |
Religious Test Oaths |
1019 |
| 22 |
Religious Disqualification |
1019 |
|
1005 |
| IV |
The "Absolutist" View of the First Amendment,
with a Note on "Preferred Position" |
1048 |
| V |
Freedom of Belief
| 23 |
Flag Salute Cases |
1053 |
| 24 |
Imposition of Consequences for Holding Certain Beliefs |
1054 |
|
1053 |